Hungary is a country in Central Europe, located in the Carpathian Basin region, with a capital of Budapest. Hungary was founded in the late 9th century when the Magyars arrived in the Carpathian Basin, displacing the Avars and conquering the region. The Magyars became known as "Hungarians" after settling down in the region, and in 1000 Stephen I of Hungary was the first Hungarian king to be of the Christian faith. Hungary was ruled by the House of Arpad, House of Capet, and other houses, ruling lands that included Croatia, Bohemia, and other neighboring lands. From 1699 to 1918, Hungary was ruled by the House of Habsburg (including the House of Habsburg-Lorraine), and it became independent in 1918 after the end of World War I. In 1945, Hungary ceased to be a kingdom after being occupied by Soviet forces during World War II, and in 1989 it transitioned to a democratic government after the end of the Cold War. With a high-income economy, Hungary has a high human development index. In 2015, the country had a population of 9,855,751 people.
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